@article{ author = {EslimiEsfahani, Delaram and Nyasty, Fatemeh and Sofiabadi, Mohamm}, title = {Effect of aqueous extract of Ducrosia Anethifolia on sleep induced by Pentobarbital in male Wistar rats}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Insomnia is one of the problems that chronically affect many people for various reasons. Regarding the complications and difficulties of insomnia and also long-term use of sleeping pills which have many side effects, using medicinal plants have been considered by many researchers. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of intraperitoneal injection of aqueous extract of Ducrosia Anethifolia on sleep induced by Pentobarbital. Methods: In this experimental study, male wistar rats (200–250 grams) were used and divided into control, sham and four treatment groups that intraperitoneally received different concentrations of Ducrosia Anethifolia extract (25, 50, 100, 200 mg/ kg). After 30 minutes of injection, all the groups received pentobarbital sodium (60 mg/kg i.p.) and hypnotic behaviors were recorded using Righting reflex. Results: Ducrosia Anethifolia extract accelerated the onset of sleep in all doses compared to the control group which this increase was significant at doses of 100 and 200 mg/ kg (p˂0.01).  Moreover, the extract significantly increased righting reflex period compared to the control group (p˂0.05). Conclusion: The aqueous extract of Ducrosia Anethifolia accelerates sleep onset and increases sleep period.}, Keywords = {Sleep, Ducrosia Anethifolia, Rat}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-394-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-394-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {rezaei, Fateme and GHazanfari, Firouze and rezaeean, mahdi}, title = {The Effectiveness of Positive Parenting Program (Triple-P) in Parental stress and Self Efficacy of mothers and behavioral problems of students with educable mental retardation}, abstract ={Background & Aim: The birth of mentally retarded children in families causes stress and creates problems especially for mothers. Positive parenting is one of the educational methods doe parents which are recommended for mothers who have children with behavioral and emotional disorders. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of positive parenting program in parental stress and self-efficacy of mothers and behavioral problems of students with educable mental retardation. Methods: In this empirical study, 30 mothers of boy students with mental retardation were selected through multistage random sampling and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received positive parenting Program (Triple-P) of Sanders (1993) during 8 weeks. The data collection tools were parental stress questionnaire, Parental Self Agency Measure and the Child Behavior Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using multivariate covariance and univariate covariance. Results: The study results showed that Triple-P has an impact on behavioral problems of students and parental stress as well as on the self-efficacy of mothers with educable mentally retarded children. (P˂0.001, F=38.712, coefficient Wilks' Lambda= 0.119, size effect=0.881). Conclusion: Triple-P is effective on parental stress and self-efficacy of mothers and also behavioral problems of educable mentally retarded children. Thus, the designing and implementation of educational sessions is recommended for parents.}, Keywords = {mentally retarded, positive parenting program, behavioral problems, parental stress, parental self-efficacy.}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {7-16}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-403-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-403-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {vaghee, saeed and salarhaji, azam and RezaeiArdani, Amir and Mazlom, Seyedreza and Alizadeh, Farzane}, title = {The relationship of Self-Differentiation with Stress-Coping Strategies and Suicide in Patients with Mood Disorders}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Obesity Mood disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric diseases which occur due to ineffective coping strategies; thus, investigation of its related factors is of importance. This study was conducted to determine the relationship of Self-Differentiation with Stress-Coping Strategies and Suicide in Patients with Mood Disorders. Methods: In this correlational-descriptive study, 146 patients with mood disorders hospitalizing in Ibn Sina Psychiatric Hospital were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using Beck scale for suicide, Skowron & Smith's differentiation questionnaire and coping strategies (Billings & Moos). Data were analyzed through Spearman correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression tests by SPSS 11.5. Results: There was a significant positive correlation between dimensions of self-differentiation and problem-focused coping strategies (p=0.001), while there was a significant inverse correlation between dimensions of self-differentiation with emotion-focused coping strategies and suicide (p=0/001). Conclusion: Regarding the relationship between self-differentiation with coping strategies and suicide, psychiatric nurses and nurses are recommended to implement training in self-differentiation for patients with psychiatric disorders. }, Keywords = {Adaptation, Psychology, Suicide, Mood Disorders }, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {17-25}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-392-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-392-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Kabirian, Aida and Abedian, Zahra and Mazloum, S. Reza and Kabirian, Maryam}, title = {The effect of self-care behaviors based on evidence-based education on the severity of dysmenorrhea amongst girls}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Menstrual Distress is widespread amongst women in fertility age. Awareness about self-caring behaviors regarding menstrual stress and trying to acquire the same based on experimental education must be considered as an important subject in the health system. Thus, this research was carried out in 2016 with the aim of studying the effect of self-caring behaviors taught to the girls about menstrual pain. Methods: This research is a quasi- experimental study carried out on 74 college girls with dysmenorrhea who were residing the dormitories of the Azad University of Mashhad. The research units were randomly divided into two groups of control and sample. Self-behavioral scales and visual scales of pain were completed during and after the stages of intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS software and statistical testing. Results: The average grade of self-caring behavior of the exam group, in the second stage of follow up increased to a great extent (80.4+/-11.0 compared to 105.8+/-8.9) (p=0.005) while the average level of pain in the first scale of menstruation did not show much difference (p=0.309) but the second scale of follow up for the level of pain in the education group was (x=3.1+/-0.5) compared to the control group (x=5.5+/-1.7), showing a notable reduction (p=0.0001). Conclusion: By taking action based on the findings, we could play an important role in the promotion of self-caring behaviors. A change in the manner of teenagers due to self-caring behaviors could also reduce the pain of menstruation and could prove helpful in improving the health of the girls suffering from dysmenorrhea.}, Keywords = {Education based on findings, Self-caring, Menstrual pains}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {26-31}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-410-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-410-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {EsmaeiliSabzevar, Hurieh and Rahbarian, Raheleh and SalehMoghadam, Masoud and Sadoughi, Seyed Damoo}, title = {Effect of Aqueous Extract of Mangrove Leaves (Avicennia marina) on the Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of the Ovarian Tissue in Diabetic Rats}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Diabetes mellitus increases oxidative stress and results in the weakening of the antioxidant defense system. Leaves of mangrove (Avicennia marina) which have not been studied enough are rich in antioxidant compounds. This study was conducted to determine the effect of aqueous extract of mangrove leaves (Avicennia marina) on the antioxidant enzyme activities of ovarian tissue in diabetic rats. Methods: 32 female Wistar rats were divided into equal groups (n=8) of control, diabetic non-treated, and diabetic treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg of aqueous extract of mangrove leaves. Diabetes was induced in the diabetic non-treated group and diabetic treated groups (with mangrove extract) using an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of alloxan. The estrous cycle in rats was made identical by sex hormones. Aqueous extract of mangrove leaves was injected in diabetic groups undergoing treatment every other day for one month. Saline solution was injected into the animals of control and non-treated diabetic groups. At the end of the treatment, antioxidant enzymes' activity of the ovarian tissue was measured. Results: Dose-dependent administration of aqueous extract of mangrove leaves with concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/kg to diabetic rats significantly increased enzymes activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, while it significantly decreased malondialdehyde compared to the non-treated diabetic group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results show the dose-dependent effect of Avciennia marina in increase of the activity of antioxidant enzymes and decrease of the lipid peroxidation in diabetic rat’s ovarian tissue.}, Keywords = {Diabetes, Avciennia marina, Ovary, Antioxidant enzymes, Rat}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {32-41}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-376-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-376-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {SeyyedMoharrami, Iman and Pashib, Malihe and Tatari, Maryam and Mohammadi, Somaye}, title = {The Efficiency of Stress Management Group Therapy in job‌ stress and self-efficacy of nurses}, abstract ={Introduction: The management of job-related stress and the improvement of self-efficacy in health care workers are essential for promoting health-care services. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of stress management group therapy in job stress and self-efficacy of nurses. Method: This was a quasi-experimental study conducted on 20 nurses (of Nohom Day Hospital in Torbat Heydariyeh) who were selected through convenience sampling and assigned into two intervention and control groups randomly. The intervention group participated in 8 sessions of stress management group therapy and the control group received no intervention. Data analyses were performed using descriptive statistics and independent and dependent t-test by SPSS 21. Results: The mean and standard deviation of participants' age in the intervention and control group were 38.00±6.24, 36.00±8.5, respectively. After the intervention, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of job stress and self-efficacy between control and intervention groups (p< 0.0001). Conclusion: It can be concluded that performing stress management group therapy among nurses can reduce job stress and increase self-efficacy. Therefore, it is recommended that this useful and effective approach be employed for empowering the workforce in the health system.}, Keywords = {Nurses, Group therapy, Stress management, Job stress, Self-efficacy.}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {42-49}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-406-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-406-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Abbasi, Morvarid and Mojtahedi, Hossei}, title = {The Effect of Aquatic Exercise on Quality of Life, Body Mass index and cardiovascular Markers in Middle-aged Women: a pilot study}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Midlife is one of the most important steps of life that in case of lack of exercise, can lead to a significant reduction in quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of Aquatic Exercise on quality of life, Body Mass index, and cardiovascular Markers in Middle-aged Women. Methods: After measuring anthropometric markers, 20 women aged between 45 and 55 years were randomly assigned into two groups of aquatic exercise (n=10) and control (n=10). In the baseline stage, both groups completed WHOQOL-BREF scale to assess the quality of life. Moreover, Body Mass index and cardiovascular Markers were measured. The exercises in aquatic exercise group were performed in 60 minutes sessions twice a week for eight weeks. At the end of the eighth week, study parameters were measured in both groups. Results: Eight weeks of aquatic exercise significantly increased the quality of life in middle-aged women (P=0.001), so that in addition to the overall life quality scores, the subscales including mental health (P=0.001), social relationships (P=0.02) and environmental health (P=0.001) were improved. In addition, blood pressure (P=0.04) and body mass index (P=0.001) were significantly decreased. Conclusion: Eight weeks of aquatic exercise may significantly increase the quality of life and improve Body Mass index and cardiovascular indices in middle-aged women.}, Keywords = {Aquatic exercise, middle-aged women, quality of life, Body Mass Index}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {50-56}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-387-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-387-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hajinezhad, Mohammad Reza and Jamshidian, Abbas and Akbari, Mohammad ebrahim}, title = {The Role of Peripheral glycine receptors in cannabinoid-induced feeding}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Peripheral cannabinoid and glycine receptors are involved in food intake regulation. This study was conducted to investigate the possible interaction between these two receptors in regulating food intake. Methods: This is an experimental study which was conducted on forty male Wistar rats. In the first phase of the experiment, the rats simultaneously received intraperitoneal injections of arachidonyl-2'-chloroethylamid (ACEA), CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonist (1 mg/kg) and glycine (100 mg/kg). In the second phase, the effect of intraperitoneal pretreatment with strychnine hydrochloride (post synaptic glycine receptor antagonist) with a dose of 0.01 mg/kg on ACEA, induced feeding was investigated. In the third phase, the impact of intraperitoneal pretreatment with AM281 with a dose of 0.5 mg/kg (CB1 receptor antagonist), glycine induced feeding behaviors was surveyed. Finally, in the fourth phase, the interaction effect of AM281 and strychnine hydrochloride was evaluated.  Results: In the first step, intraperitoneal injection of glycine significantly increased food intake. Also, following the administration, food intake significantly increased (p˂0.05). Co-injection of glycine and ACEA had no significant effect on food intake compared to the sole injection of each agent (p˃0.05). In the second step, intraperitoneal pretreatment with strychnine hydrochloride had no significant effect on ACEA-induced hyperphagia. Furthermore, intraperitoneal pretreatment with AM281 did not affect glycine induced feeding. In the fourth phase, co-administration of AM281 and strychnine hydrochloride significantly decreased cumulative food intake compared to the sole administration of each agent (p˂0.05).  Conclusion: The interaction between peripheral CB1 cannabinoid receptors and glycine receptors has not been investigated so far. In the present study, despite some synergistic effects, it seems that glycine and cannabinoid receptors can cause hyperphagia through independent neuronal pathways.}, Keywords = {CB1 cannabinoid receptors, rats, glycine receptors}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {57-63}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-411-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-411-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {adeli, mohadese and alirezaei, somaye}, title = {Comparison of short abdominal skin to skin and Kangaroo contact after birth on state and trait anxiety}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders in the postpartum period. Few studies have been done about the impact of kangaroo skin contact on maternal anxiety. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of short abdominal skin-to-skin and Kangaroo skin contact between mother and newborn on mother's anxiety. Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was accomplished on 68 qualified pregnant women, in Torbat Heydariyeh in 1394. The women were randomly divided into two groups Experimental (Kangaroo skin contact) and control (abdominal skin contact). A questionnaire about demographics, fertility, medical, information about stage 1, 2 and 3 of labor, Mother and infant's Information and STAI: Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety inventory were completed for the two groups after delivery. After encoding, the data were analyzed with SPSS software version 20, Mann-Whitney tests, t, chi-square and 0/05>p was considered significant. Results: There was no significant difference in maternal State (p= 0.58) and Trait (p=0.63) anxiety between short kangaroo contact skin group and abdominal skin contact group, 2 months after birth. However, it was found that anxiety in the short kangaroo care group was much lower than that in the skin-to-skin group (P=0.04). Conclusion: The effect of short Kangaroo skin contact on maternal anxiety was similar to abdominal skin contact.  }, Keywords = {Abdominal skin contact, Kangaroo skin contact, maternal anxiety }, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-405-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-405-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Pourfazeli, Bahram and AzamianJazi, Akbar and Faramarzi, Mohamad and Mortazavi, Sayed Mohamad jav}, title = {Effect of regular aerobic training on oxidative damage markers of lipids and proteins in rats exposed to radiation emitted by the Wi-Fi router}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Electronic and communication devices have largely become a part of our daily lives. And this has caused a growing concern with regards to the possible side-effects of exposure to the radiation of these devices on human health. To investigate the same, a research was undergone to study the "Effect of regular aerobic exercise on oxidative damage markers of lipids and proteins caused by exposure to radiation emitted from Wi-Fi routers" Methods: 12 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups of radiation and radiation+exercise. Interventions included exposure to radiation emitted from the Wi-Fi modem and running at 40 to 60 percent of their maximum speed for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken 48 hours after intervention. Plasma levels of malondialdehyde (oxidative lipid injury index) and carbonyl protein (oxidative-protein damage index) were measured and data were analyzed at P≤0.05. Results: According to Independent-Sample T test, there was a significant difference between radiation and radiation+exercise groups. Eight weeks of exposure to radiation caused an increase in plasma levels of PCA and MDA. On the other hand, eight weeks of aerobic exercise decreased the PC and MDA levels. Conclusion: It seems that regular aerobic exercise can reduce the oxidative damage caused by Wi-Fi radiation in lipids and proteins.  }, Keywords = {oxidative damage, carbonyl protein, malondialdehyde, Wi-Fi, electromagnetic radiation}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {11-19}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-428-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-428-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Rahimi, Azita and Khodabakhshi-Koolaee, Anahita and Falsafinejad, Mohammad Rez}, title = {The Effectiveness of Group Hope-Therapy on Hope and Dysfunctional Attitudes in HIV Positive Patients}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Despite the growing statistics of people with HIV-positive in Iran, little attention has been paid to the poor quality of their life and the adverse psychological status of these patients. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group Hope Therapy on the improvement of Dysfunctional Attitudes and the increase of hope in HIV positive patients. Methods: the research method of the present study was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. The study population included HIV-positive patients from Robat Karim city referring to behavioral health counseling centers. 28 patients were selected by simple randomized sampling and were assigned to the two groups. The experimental group received eight sessions of group hope-therapy. This research was a semi experimental study that included pretest-posttest and control group. The information was collected through the Snyder Hope Questionnaire and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale. The obtained data were analyzed using ANCOVA and MANCOVA and via SPSS version 21. Results: Analysis of the data showed that the group hope therapy was effective in increasing hope of HIV-positive patients (Psuccess/perfectionism attitudes and need to keep others satisfied attitudes (P Conclusion: The findings revealed that more attention must be paid to the psychological health and quality of life of the HIV-positive patients. Group therapy and especially hope therapy could increase hope and inversely decrease dysfunctional attitudes among such patients.  }, Keywords = {group therapy, hope, Dysfunctional attitudes, and HIV-positive patients}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {20-28}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-419-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-419-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Nadi, Parvin and Doudi, Monir and Setorki, Mahbubeh}, title = {The effect of Gold and Copper nanoparticles on negative bacillus bacteria causing urine infection (MDR)}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Irregular consumption of common antibiotics increases antibiotic resistance in the urine pathogens. The topic of this study was selected based on this great community problem and considering the fact that a large number of diseases are being treated using gold and copper nanoparticles yet not much is known of their effects on gram negative bacillus bacteria that cause urine infection. Methods: The study included 140 cases of Multiple drug resistance (MDR) bacteria strains: E.coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Enterobacteraerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Citrobacterfreundii, Acinetobacterbumanii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (each genus of bacteria, 20 samples), all of which were MDR causing urinary tract infections. A variety of biochemical tests for identification of bacteria were used and laboratory methods (Agar well diffusion, Agar disk diffusion and Macrodilution method) were utilized to assess their sensitivity to copper and gold nanoparticles. Results: Gold nanoparticles did not show any effect on these bacteria. According to agar disk diffusion and the Macrodilution method, copper nanoparticles (in 1000ppm dilution) showed the highest and lowest mean inhibition zone diameter in Acinetobacterbumanii and Entrobacteraerogenes 23 and 15mm, respectively. The MIC for all of the bacteria stood at 250µg/ml while Acinetobacterbumanii was 125µg/ml. Discussion: Gold nanoparticles were not effective on these bacteria. Copper nanoparticles had a relatively strong effect on all of the bacteria causing urine infection and MDR.  }, Keywords = {Urine infection, Negative bacillus bacteria, Multiple drug resistance, Copper and gold}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {29-39}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-409-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-409-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Javad and Pour-Emamali, Amir and Pouryousef, Ali and Gholampour, Azadeh and SoleimaniJelodar, Rahim}, title = {Survey of serologic markers and levels of liver enzyme in Hepatitis B patients of Ahvaz city in 2014}, abstract ={Background and aims: Nearly 400 million Hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients around the world are chronic carriers. A study of the different serologic patterns of HBeAg positive and negative along with levels of liver enzymes is necessary in order to identify chronic progressive infection in HBV carriers. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between HBV serological markers and liver enzymes in chronic HBV patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 71 chronic HBV patients who referred to Imam-Khomeini Hospital of Ahvaz were enrolled. HBV serological markers were tested by the ELISA method and liver enzymes were measured via biochemical. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age of the patients was 38.9±13.5 years. 27 (38%) were females and 44 (62%) were males. Mean and standard of errors of ALT, Total bilirubin and direct bilirubin were 77.9±116.3 U/L, 1.11±4 mg/dl and 0.6±2.1 respectively. Mean of ALT in males was significantly higher compared to that of the females (88.24±132.8 U/L vs. 61.8±84.5; P= 0.048). The average of ALT and total bilirubin were not significantly different in HBeAg positive and negative patients. But the average of direct bilirubin in 53 HBeAg-negative patients was significantly higher than in the 18 HBeAg-positive patients (0.73±2.46 mg/dl vs 0.23±0.13 mg/dl; P=0.006). Conclusion: The level of liver enzymes was similar in the two groups – of positive and negative HBeAg. It is suggested that more research be carried to assess other virological markers, levels of HBV-DNA and histological changes in the liver of chronic (positive and negative HBeAg) HBV patients.}, Keywords = {Chronic Hepatitis B, HBeAg, Liver Enzymes}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {40-48}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-423-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Assaran, Mehdi and Tatari, Maryam and seyedmoharrami, Im}, title = {The relationship between self-efficacy and despair in elementary students: a pilot study}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Self-efficacy and despair are factors that can directly affect the quality of life of individuals. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and despair in young individuals and was carried out on elementary students. Methods: This research is a descriptive and correlational study. The study sample consisted of both girl and boy students of Mohtashami Elementary School in the city of Torbat Heydariyeh. From the population, a total of 89 girls and boys were selected using the stratified random sampling method. In this study, the measuring tools were Scherer's self-efficacy questionnaire, the scale of despair of Kazdyn and demographic information. The accumulated data was processed using spss software, version 20. Results: The results showed there was no significant correlation between the efficacy and despair in boys (r=-0.13, sig=0.546). However, there was a significant inversed correlation between efficacy and despair in the girls; and the correlation coefficient (r=-0.48) and a significant amount (sig=0.006) was obtained. Conclusions: It can be concluded that an increase in self-efficacy of students could reduce despair. Suitable self-efficacy methods should be introduced and strengthened in classroom environments. More research needs to be done on this subject in the future.}, Keywords = {self-efficacy, despair, children.}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {49-55}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-441-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-441-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ranjbar, Hossein and Mojalli, Mohammad and NamdarAreshtanab, Hossei}, title = {Job Burnout among Nurses Working in ICUs affiliated to the educational and therapeutic centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Job burnout is common in caring professionals; and high levels of the same are registered in healthcare professionals, especially, nurses in intensive care units. The purpose of this study was to determine the burnout among nurses working in intensive care units affiliated to educational and therapeutic centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Method: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, which was undergone through a census sampling method in hospitals related to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (n = 80) in the year 2011. Data were collected by Maslach Job Wear Inventory (MBI). The data were analyzed using SPSS 11.5 software. Results: The mean of severity of depersonalization, emotional analysis and lack of individual success were 9.20 ± 5.25, 25.32 ± 12.57, 35 ± 8.27 respectively. In addition, age (r=-0.49) and work experience(r=-0.48) have a reverse linear relationship with the severity of the lack of individual success (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there is a high level of occupational burnout, especially in the aspect of individual inefficiency among nurses in special departments. Due to the high importance of these departments, more attention must be paid by the authorities to this workforce. Moreover, nurses should also be allowed to participate in organizational decision-making, which can prevent burnout and its complications to a high degree.   }, Keywords = {Job burnout, nurses, intensive care units}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {56-61}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-427-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-427-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {KarimiMoonaghi, Hossein and Sharifi, Hass}, title = {Reducing the Theory-Practice Gap Using Clinical Nurse Scholar Model}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Among the main reasons for the theory-practice gap is a lack of adequate clinical staff training in information seeking as well as in critical appraisal skills for research findings. In this regard, the clinical nurse scholar model has been introduced for training and supervising nurses in the application of the best available evidence to improve the quality of nursing care. The aim of this study was to review resources about the clinical nurse scholar model and to introduce its dimensions and steps in ground evidence-based nursing education within the context of clinical nursing in Iran. Methods: In this review, PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and SID databases were used. Articles published since 2005 in both Persian and English were searched. Results: The initial search by keyword ("clinical scholar" OR "clinical scholar model" OR "clinical nurse scholar model") and their Persian equivalents retrieved 2545 studies, which reduced to 9 related articles after screening for titles and abstracts. Topics, such as, the model, its components and process, model purposes, nurse characteristics in the model, implementation steps and the model application in clinical practice and education were discussed. Conclusion: The clinical nurse scholar model is one of the most useful models available for the promotion of evidence-based nursing care and for the reduction of the theory-practice gap. Nursing graduates and clinical nurses can use this model for finding and critically assessing evidence, using evidence in day-to-day patient care and improving the quality of nursing care. They can integrate evidence-based practice and nursing education and consequently, reduce the theory-practice gap.}, Keywords = {Evidence-Based Care Model, Clinical Nursing Scholar Model, Theory-Practice Gap}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {62-71}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-435-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-435-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Hemmati, Hadis and Bazrafshan, Edris and Kamani, Hossein and Mosafer, Jafar and Balarak, Davoud and KordMostafapour, Ferdos}, title = {Optimization of sono-nanocatalytic process using 𝛾-Fe2O3 for Penicilin antibiotic removal by response surface methodology}, abstract ={Background & Aim: The pollution of water with pharmaceutical compounds can cause problems in the ecosystem. Antibiotics have special importance due to their inducing bacterial resistance. The aim of this study was to optimize the sono-nanocatalytic process using Fe₂O₃ for removal of Penicilin antibiotic by response surface methodology. Methods: The study was based on the practical laboratory method in order to evaluate the effect of independent parameters such as pH, the dose of nanoparticles, reaction time, the initial concentration of the antibiotic and Frequency sound waves on the rate of penicillin removal. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) was selected to follow the performance for Penicilin antibiotic removal. In order to achieve the optimal experimental conditions, response surface methodology (RSM) model was designed and used. Results: The results of data analysis showed that the catalyst dose and reaction time had greatest impact on the COD removal efficiency of Penicilin. Also, optimum removal conditions based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and model was achieved at pH, frequency of sono waves, initial concentration of the antibiotic, catalyst dose and reaction time equal 3, 35 KHz, 10 mg/l, 0.3 g/L and 53 min, respectively. Under these conditions, a COD removal efficiency equal to 95.51% was achieved. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the sono-nanocatalytic process in the presence 𝛾- Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles has a high efficiency on the COD removal (Penicilin antibiotic) from aqueous environments. }, Keywords = {Fe2O3 nanoparticles, Penicilin antibiotic, Sonocatalytic process, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) }, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-16}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-446-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-446-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Azizi, Omid and Shahcheraghi, Fereshteh}, title = {The Frequency of blaPER ، blaVEB، blaCTX-M، tetA and tetB genes among Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from hospitalizes patients in Tehran}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Infections and outbreaks caused by multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are prevalent and have been reported worldwide over the past twenty or more years. Beta-lactamase genes including blaPER, blaVEB and blaCTX-M confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and tetA and tetB are responsible for resistance to tetracycline in such bacteria. Methods: A total of 65 isolates of A. Baumannii from clinical samples were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion method according to the CLSI guideline and the presence of blaOXA-51 tetA, tetB, blaVEB,  blaCTX and blaPER were screened via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The isolates were 100% resistant to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and tetracycline. Resistance to minocycline and imipenem stood at 89% and 85%, respectively. All isolates were identified as multi-drug resistant (MDR). The genes tetA, tetB, blaVEB, blaCTX and blaPER were detected in 75.3%, 43%, 35.3%, 76.9% and 61.5% of isolates, respectively. Conclusion: This study revealed the high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes amongst Acinetobacter baumannii and thus confirms the need for isolating and identifying them in clinical laboratory and hospital settings.  }, Keywords = {Acinetobacter, Antibiotic resistance, Beta-lactamase}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {17-25}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-443-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-443-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Navari, Mohsen and Ibrahimi, Mostafa and Mohammadoo-khorasani, Milad and Arashkia, Arash}, title = {Evaluating the Effects of Deregulated miRNAs by Human Papilloma Virus on Gene Expression Profiles of Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck}, abstract ={Background and aim: Human Papilloma Virus plays an important role in some of human malignancies and causes alterations in normal expression levels of cellular microRNAs. In this paper, we evaluated the effects of such changes on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma tumor samples at gene expression profile level. Methods: in this descriptive-analytical study, gene expression profiles of 36 tumor samples were compared in two groups: with or without virus. Differentially expressed genes among the two groups were judged in terms of their ability in segregating the tumor samples and also their overlap with Gene Ontology Biological Function categories. Furthermore, using hierarchical clustering analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis methods, the effect of confirmed cellular targets of 11 reported cellular microRNAs on the gene expression profiles of our samples was assessed. Results: Unlike unsupervised methods, differentially expressed genes, including 47 and 7 unique induced and suppressed genes, respectively, discriminated perfectly the two sample sets in a hierarchical clustering analysis (P=0.0001). These genes were primarily engaged in regulation of cell cycle (FDR adjusted P≤0.05). Targets of induced cellular microRNAs were found enriched in virus-positive set (FDR adjusted P≤0.05). Among analyzed cellular miRNAs, hsa-miR-155-5p and hsa-miR-221-3p change the gene expression profile of tumor samples significantly (FDR adjusted P≤0.05). Conclusion: deregulating expression levels of cellular microRNAs, HPV is capable of affecting the gene expression profiles of Head and Neck Squamous cell Carcinoma tumors. It is suggested to confirm the results of this study using experimental methods.}, Keywords = {Human Papilloma Virus, Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, microRNA, Gene Expression Profiling}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {26-38}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-452-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-452-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mosafer, Jafar and Bazrafshan, Edris}, title = {AS1411 Aptamer-Mediated Targeted Drug Delivery of Doxorubicin-loaded PLGA Nanoparticles to Cancer Cells through Cell Surface Nucleolin}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Nucleolin is one of the most abundant proteins in the nucleolus that is overexpressed on the surface of the plasmic membrane of cancer cells. It has been suggested that nucleolin is a new and promising candidate for effective  targeted active-targeted delivery of nanoparticles with anti-nucleolin AS1411 aptamer (hereafter Apt), as a single-strand DNA, into a variety of high nucleolin-expressing cancer cells compared to low nucleolin-expressing cell lines. Methods: In this study, doxorubicin (Dox), as a chemotherapy drug with a fluorescence nature, was entrapped into the Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based nanoparticles (NPs). Next, these NPs were conjugated to Apt and the targeting ability of these Apt-NPs was investigated by flow cytometry and cytotoxicity analysis. Results: As a result, more rapidly internalization of Apt-NPs into C26 and C6 cancer cells was verified compared with L929 as a low nucleolin-expressing cell line. Similarly, the Apt-NPs increased the cytotoxicity effect of Dox compared with NPs and free Dox solution alone. Conclusion: We think that Apt-NPs, as a ligand, first bind to nucleolin and that the receptor-ligand complex is then incorporated into the cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis pathway. In conclusion, the Apt-NPs were found to be a promising targeted delivery system for therapeutic purposes.}, Keywords = {Nucleolin, AS1411 aptamer, targeted delivery, PLGA, Doxorubicin}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {39-47}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-451-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-451-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Barati, Behnaz and Farzianpour, Fereshteh and Arab, Mohammad and RahimiFroushani, Abbas}, title = {Evaluation of the Performance of Hospitals in Torbat Heydarieh City Based on the PABON LASSO Model and its Relative Comparison with National Standards}, abstract ={Background and Aim: In the field of health, due to the limited resources and sensitivity of the subject of treatment, performance evaluation gains more importance. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the performance of two hospitals in Torbat Heydarieh city based on the PABON LASSO model and to compare the performance indicators with national standards during 2014-2015. Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in two of the city's Razi Medical Training and Social Security hospitals. The data was collected from the medical records unit of the relevant hospitals. SPSS19 and EXCEL software were used to analyze the data and plot the PABON LASSO chart. One-sample t-test was used for comparative comparisons. Results: The average Bed Occupancy Rate, Bed Turnover Rate and Average Length of Stay in the study period were 73.83, 131.33times, and 2.3 days, respectively. In the first year of the study, the medical training hospital located in District 1 and the Social Security Hospital in District 3; and in the second year, the medical training hospital between District 3 and 4 and the Social Security Hospital in District 2 were studied. Conclusion: The mean of bed turnover and average length of stay in the two hospitals was far better than the national standard. However, it is suggested that in order to increase the utilization of hospital resources and to prevent wastage of the same through improved efficiency and performance, important performance indicators of the hospitals should be continually extracted and compared with other hospitals.  }, Keywords = {hospital, performance evaluation, Pabon Lasso Model, mean of bed occupancy, bed turnover rate, average length of stay}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {48-55}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-430-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-430-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Mohebbati, Reza and Ghanbarizadeh, Saeid Reza and Beheshti, Farimah}, title = {Comparison of antioxidant effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa and Curcuma longa with Vitamin C on renal tissue oxidative stress parameters in rats}, abstract ={Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Curcuma longa (C.L E) and Nigella sativa (N.S E) with Vitamin C on renal-oxidative damage in rats. Methods: 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=8) as follows: A Control group with plain drinking water and intervention groups including positive control groups with Vitamin C (100 mg/kg), the N.S E (200 mg/kg) group, the C.L E (1000 mg/kg) group and N.S E and C.L E group (receiving 200 and 1000 mg/kg, respectively), all dissolved in drinking water and fed during the 35 days of the experiment. At the end of this period, the renal tissues were removed and oxidation-reduction markers were investigated. Results: N.S E (P <0.001), C.L E and vitamin C (P <0.01) decreased serum creatinine and BUN levels in comparison to the control group. Not only were the levels of total thiol higher in the Vitamin C (P <0.001), N.S E, C.L E (P <0.05) and N.S E and C.L E (P <0.01) groups compared to the control group, but also the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was more elevated in Vitamin C and N.S E and C.L E groups (P <0.01). Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the N.S E and C.L E, N.S E (P <0.001) and Vitamin C (P <0.05) groups were lower than those in the control group. Conclusion: In the current study, it was found that N.S E and C.L E have a significant effect on the improvement of renal oxidative stress; which is comparable to Vitamin C. A higher synergistic effect of N.S E and C.L E suggested that they are more effective combined than when used separately.}, Keywords = {Nigella sativa, Curcuma longa, Vitamin C, Oxidative stress}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {56-67}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-447-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-447-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Najjari, Firouzeh and KhodabakhshiKoolaee, Anahita and Falsafinejad, Mohammad Rez}, title = {The effectiveness of group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) on loneliness and psychological adjustment in women after divorce}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Psychological adjustment after divorce is one of the important related issues to divorce. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment to improving women's psychological adjustment and reducing loneliness after the divorce. Methods: The study population consisted of all divorced women that were referred to counseling centers for psychological problems in Tehran by 2016. Among the clients of zone eight of city of Tehran, 30 women were selected and were assigned to two groups. This study is a semi experimental with pre-post-test and control group. The obtained data were analyzed by MANCOVA methods in software SPSS21. Results: Based on the MANCOVA results, group therapy based on acceptance and commitment has been affective in improving Psychological adjustment and dimensions of abandonment, anger and grief (P=0.01). Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy guides clients to acceptance of suffering and commitment to goals instead of avoiding experience. Awareness of the thoughts and feelings of loneliness and being in the here and now are lead to improve the adjustment.   }, Keywords = {acceptance and commitment therapy, loneliness, Psychological adjustment, divorce.}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {68-75}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-459-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-459-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Jafari, Faranak and Amin, Bahareh and Nazemi, Samad and Gholami, Omid and Pejhan, Akbar}, title = {The Role of central neuroimmune activation in neuropathic pain and opioid Tolerance/Hyperalgesia}, abstract ={Common cellular and molecular mechanisms are not only involved in the development of neuropathic pain caused by neurological damage but also in the occurrence of the tolerance/hyperalgesia phenomenon caused by chronic use of opioids. It seems that the activation of the neuroimmune system in the brain and spinal cord is one of the most important mechanisms involved in the initiation and maintenance of neuropathic pains and reducing the antinociceptive effect of morphine after nerve injury. Plus, it also plays an important role in the development of tolerance/hyperalgesia due to chronic opioid consumption. Glial cells, especially microglia, are resident immune cells in the nervous system and get activated in response to many exogenous and endogenous factors. When activated, glial cells undergo structural and functional changes and can secrete various inflammatory factors such as IL1β, IL6 and TNFα. These changes increase the irritability and spontaneous firing of neurons, which play an important role in creating and maintaining neuropathic pain as well as reducing the analgesic effect of opioids and bringing about the onset of opioid tolerance/hyperalgesia phenomenon. In this review, we have tried to observe recent studies on the role of the neuroimmune system of the brain and spinal cord in the development of neuropathic pain and of opioid tolerance/hyperalgesia. In our view, a prevention of activation or a diminished activity of the neuroimmune system via appropriate drug compounds can be useful as a new strategy in the treatment of neuropathic pain and in the decrease of morphine tolerance/hyperalgesia, which will in turn result in an increase of the clinical efficacy of opioids.}, Keywords = {Neuropathic pain, Hyperalgesia, Glia, morphine tolerance/hyperalgesia, opioids}, volume = {5}, Number = {3}, pages = {76-86}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-454-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-454-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Bazrafshan, Edris and Sarmadi, Mohammad and Zarei, Amin Allah and Barjasteh, Fatemeh and Davoudi, Mojtaba and NajafiSaleh, Hossei}, title = {Comparison of the efficiency of almond shell ash as a natural adsorbent versus commercial activated carbon in removal of basic red 18 dye from aqueous solutions}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Industrial wastewater is one of the most important sources of hazardous pollutant emissions. Having high levels of various dyes, textile wastewater is considered as one of the major environmental pollutants. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of almond shell ash as a natural absorbent in comparison to commercial activated carbon in removing basic red 18 dye from aqueous solutions. Methods: Considering the parameters affecting the adsorption process, the experiments were carried out to determine the optimal conditions of basic red 18 dye removal by means of the two adsorbents. At the end, three isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich and Bet were used to evaluate the equilibrium conditions. Results: The highest removal efficiencies of commercial activated carbon and almond shell ash as adsorbents were obtained %98.46 and %92.5 in alkaline pH and at 25 and 45 ͦ C respectively. For commercial activated carbon the adsorption process followed the Freundlich isotherm, while for almond shell ash, the adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm. Conclusion: The results showed that the higher efficiency of commercial activated carbon than almond shell ash in removal of basic red 18 dye. Nevertheless, almond shell ash as a food waste can be used as a low cost adsorbent to remove dyes from textile wastewaters.  }, Keywords = {activated carbon, adsorption isotherm, adsorption}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-469-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-469-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Gheibi, Nematollah and Sofiabadi, Mohammad and Safari, Tar}, title = {Effects of propolis extract on pain induced by formalin in male mice}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Propolis is a natural material that is produced by the honey bee and has a variety of beneficial properties, including an anti- inflammatory effect. In this study, the effect of oral administration of ethanolic extract of propolis was investigated on formalin-induced inflammatory pain in male mice. Methods: This experimental study was undergone in 2016 in the Qazvin University of Medical Sciences and 40 mice were divided randomly in the control, sham (vehicle) and three propolis groups (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively). One hour after gavage of the vehicle or propolis, 50 µl formalin 2.5% was injected into the right hind paw of each mice and pain symptoms were observed and recorded for 60 minutes (Acute phase, Interphase and chronic phase). Data were analyzed by using SPSS 16 software, ANOVA and Tukey test. P<0.05 was considered as significant level. Results: In the acute phase of the test, propolis reduced the pain at 200 mg/ kg dosage, compared with the control (P<0.05). Prescription of propolis in the chronic phase leads to a significant reduction of pain compared to the control at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg (P<0.05) and especially at a dose of 200 mg/kg (P<0.01). Conclusion: Propolis administration reduces pain in the acute and chronic phases of the formalin test. Therefore, it has a central and peripheral analgesic effect.}, Keywords = {Propolis, Formalin test, Mice.}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {22-28}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-417-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {KarimiMoonaghi, Hossein and Lotfifatemi, naser}, title = {The impact of problem base learning (PBL) on anesthesiology students\' learning in emergency medicine course}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Problem-based learning (PBL) is utilized extensively within contemporary medical education. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PBL on knowledge acquirement of undergraduate anesthesiology students' taking the emergency medicine course; and to compare it with lecturing method and slide presentation. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental, two group pretest-posttest designs conducted on 68 undergraduate anesthesiology students of Mashhad Islamic Azad University. The students were allocated randomly in two groups. Similar content of emergency medicine was taught to both the groups. The case group was taught using problem-based learning, while the control group was taught by lecturing with slide presentation. Data analysis was done using t-test and descriptive statistics by SPSS 20 software. Results: this study included 68 students comprising 54 (79.4%) and 14 (20.6%) males and females, respectively. There were no significant differences in demographic parameters between the two groups. The mean of pre-test scores of the two settings did not indicate any meaningful distinction (p=0.62), while the averages of post-test scores were significantly higher in the treatment group (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Teaching emergency medicine using problem-based learning was more successful than lecturing with slide presentation method for enhancing students' knowledge; therefore this method is recommended for anesthesiology students.   }, Keywords = {Problem-based Learning, Emergency Medicine, Anesthesiology Students}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {29-38}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-465-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-465-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Gheibi, Nematollah and Teimouri, Hossain and Kochaki, Reza and Mehri, Ali and Azizi, Seyedeh Roghayeh and Kiani, Raziyeh and Kianfar, Neda and Sofiabadi, Mohamm}, title = {The effects of combination of honey, ostrich oil and propolis on skin wound healing in rats}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Only natural materials were used for healing the wounds. As wax honey, ostrich oil and propolis have anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects, this study was launched to investigate their efficacy in skin wound healing. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 Vistar male rats were divided into 5 groups which included a control group, honey wax group, honey wax and propolis group, honey wax and ostrich oil group, and honey wax and bee wax group. In all 5 groups, wound-surface measuring continued until the 10th day and hydroxyproline of the urine was analyzed on Day 10; and the data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The percentage of recovery was different on the sixth, eighth and tenth days of treatment among all the treated groups and the control group. An evaluation of the analyzed hydroxyproline in the urine also showed a significant difference in all treated groups on the one hand compared to the control group, on the other. Conclusion: The results of the recovery and percentage and concentration of hydroxyproline in urine, showed the restoration properties of honey not only has a synergistic effect but also accelerates the wound-healing process when used along with ostrich oil and propolis.  }, Keywords = {Wound Healing, Honey, Wax Honey, Propolis, Ostrich oil, Rat}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {39-45}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-444-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-444-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {khodabakhshi-koolaee, Anahita and Zahmatkesh, Mehnoush and BarzegharKhezri, Rasoul}, title = {The effect of relaxation and instrumental music by Arnd Stein on quality of sleep and happiness among ageing women}, abstract ={Background & Aim: One of the complementary psychological approaches for dealing with problems of ageing individuals is Music therapy. The aim of the current research was to investigate the effectiveness of listening to relaxation and instrumental music by Arnd Stein on quality of sleep and happiness among ageing women in nursing home. Methods: The current study was a quasi-experimental study including pre and post- tests and control group. The statistical population of study was elderly women who lived in nursing homes in region 3 of Tehran Municipality in 2016. Thirty elderly women in the range of 65 to 75 years old were selected by a simple random sampling method and then randomly divided to control (n=15) and experimental groups (n=15). Then, the experimental group listened to relaxation and instrumental music by Arnd Stein before noon nap for 12 sessions of 45-50 minutes. The research instruments were Oxford Happiness Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Qualify Index (PSQI. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS software version 21 and significance level was considered P<0.05.  Results: The findings indicated significantly higher values of mean scores of happiness (P=0.01) and sleep quality (P=0.01) in experimental group, as compared to control groups in post-test (P=0.01). Conclusion: The present study showed that relaxation and instrumental music by Arnd Stein could improve sleep quality and increase happiness in elderly women. Thus, this approach is recommended as a complementary method to specialists of mental health for improvement of sleep quality and happiness of ageing people in nursing homes.}, Keywords = {Music Therapy, Sleep Hygiene, Happiness, Elder, Women}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {46-53}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-466-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-466-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Salimi, Javad and ChinSari, Jalil and Kondori, Javid and AttarAbdolAbadi, Mohsen and Eshgi, Hosein and Abbasi, Mohamad and Barjasteh-Askari, Fatemeh and Davoudi, Mojtab}, title = {Root Causes and the Ways of Rodent Outbreaks Control: case Study}, abstract ={Due to their special environments, rural areas are susceptible to rodent outbreaks. Extensive damage to agricultural produce, equipment and buildings on the one hand and outbreaks of zoonotic diseases on the other are among the health and economic impacts of a rodent outbreak. Failure in controlling such events may even result in social issues, such as, village abandonment and mass migration to suburban areas. One such rodent outbreak occurred in 2015 in a village of Torbat Heydariyeh County, Razavi Khorasan province. This report explains both the root causes of the event as well as the efforts which resulted in the control of the outbreak within a couple of weeks.    }, Keywords = {Passive defense, Torbat Heydariyeh, Rodent outbreak, Environmental management}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {54-59}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-455-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-455-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {GHolami, Masoumeh and Sadegh, Mehdi}, title = {Assessing the effect of drug tolerance due to chronic administration of morphine and salicylate on synaptic plasticity}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Salicylates and opioids are widely used in chronic pain relief. Chronic use of these drugs reorganizes synaptic function, especially experience-dependent plasticity in brain regions. Therefore, in this study the effects of chronic administration of salicylate and morphine on synaptic plasticity were investigated. Methods: in this review, Elsevier, Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for the following keywords: salicylate, morphine, drug tolerance, and synaptic plasticity. At the end, 62 of the obtained reports were included in the study. Results: In addition to induction of tolerance to anti-nociceptive effect and cross-tolerance, chronic salicylate administration as like as morphine has long-lasting effects on hippocampal neuronal networks which are manifested as excitability of neurons and ability of activity and experience-dependent plasticity. Some of these effects can be documented in the hippocampus-related functions such as spatial learning and memory. Conclusion: Considering the effects of salicylate and morphine on the nervous system and synaptic transmission, the effects of these drugs on the processing of input data and as a result on cognitive functioning would not be unlikely, thus necessitating further behavioral and electrophysiological studies.  }, Keywords = {Salicylate, Morphine, Drug tolerance, Synaptic plasticity}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {60-71}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-471-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-471-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Soleimani-Jelodar, Rahim and Ghasemi, Bahareh and Ahmadi, Javad and Sarmadi, Mohamm}, title = {MALAT1 as a new biomarker in cancer biology}, abstract ={Background & Aim: Long non-coding RNAs are regulatory molecules that adjust many vital intracellular processes. MALAT1 is a long non-coding RNA playing a key role in the regulation of intracellular important processes and also involved in biology of various cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functions of MALAT1 and overview of its role in cancer biology. Methods: in this review, Elsevier, Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for the following keywords” “long non-coding RNA”, “MALAT1”, “cancer” and “metastasis”. The results were limited to the period of 1992-2016. Totally, 213 papers were chosen and at the end, 63 of them were included in the study. Results: MALAT1 is involved in adjusting two important biological processes including regulation of gene expression and alternative splicing. MALAT1 plays a role in the regulation of cell cycle, early stages of cancer metastasis, activation of p53 and its target genes, expression and activity of oncogenic transcription factor B-MYB, regulating the activity of E2F1 transcription factor, apoptosis pathway, regulation of hyperglycemia and many other processes. Conclusion: Discussing about effect of on regulation of cellular critical processes, this study tries to better understand the mechanisms of cancer progression by this regulatory RNA. Comprehending the role of these regulatory RNAs and exploring their influence on biology of various cancers can be helpful in prognosis, predicting response to treatment, staging of disease and treatment of malignancies. Furthermore, these molecules could potentially be proposed as novel therapeutic targets.  }, Keywords = {Long non-coding RNA, MALAT1, Cancer, Metastasis}, volume = {5}, Number = {4}, pages = {72-84}, publisher = {Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-424-en.html}, eprint = {http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-424-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2716-9669}, eissn = {2716-9669}, year = {2018} }